a reference to the Berlin Wall, the fortified barrier of concrete and wire erected in the city of Berlin, Germany in 1961 which divided the city into a communistsection and a noncommunist sectionjust as Germany was similarly divided between East (communist) and West (noncommunist) to keep East Berliners from defecting to the West. The wall was finally torn down in 1990 and free passage between the two sections of the city was allowed once again. —SHSBC Binder 5 Approved Glossary