reference to FrederickII (1194–1250), Germanking (1212–1220) and emperor (1220–1250). He was a patron of the arts and sciences as well as a poet and scientist himself. His court was a center for learned men, including Arabic and Jewish scientists and philosophers. During his reign, public baths and private latrines were reintroduced in Europe. —3rd South African published appr gls (14.4.92)