a white shirt worn by the Sioux Indians during the ghost-dance, a ritualcentral to the messianicreligion instituted circa 1870 among the Paiute Indians by their prophet Wovoka (1856 - 1932). The religion, which prophesied the end of white expansion westward and the return of land to the Indians, spread to most of the western Indians. The ritual was danced for five successive days and was accompanied by hypnotic trances. The Sioux performed the ritual prior to their massacre at Wounded Knee (the last of the majorIndian wars in 1890)Nwearing ghost shirts that they thought would protect them from bullets. —SHSBC Binder 21 Approved Glossary